Delhi Pollution (Reason, Steps taken by governments and conclusion)
There is tremendous increase in technology, construction which lead to increase in the pollution too not only in India but also in the whole world. The technological advancement and speedy development since India’s Independence has come at a great environmental cost. According to the global Environment Performance Index (EPI) 2018, India is ranked at 177 with an EPI of 30.57, and it is disheartening to hear that Delhi, the national capital of the country, is being tagged as one of the most heavily polluted capital cities in the world. It is the world’s worst city in terms of air pollution, with with an unhealthy air quality index for the majority of the year. Thus, today, one of the biggest threats to the welfare of the people of Delhi and the city as a whole is pollution of various types
CLASSIFICATION OF POLLUTION IN DELHI:
1.Air pollution
2.Noise pollution
3.Water pollution
4.Domestic waste
5.Industrial waste
6.Vehicular pollution
7.Hospital waste
8.Solid waste, etc.
REASON OF INCREASE OF POLLUTION IN DELHI :
1.Growing population of the city.
2.There has been highly haphazard and unplanned development of industries and factories. Studies have revealed that only about 20% of the industrial units are set up in the approved industrial areas whereas the rest of them are in residential and commercial areas.
3.There has been a huge rise in the vehicular population, in spite of the metro railways, aggravating traffic congestion and increasing air and noise pollution. It has also been reported that the number of vehicles plying on the roads of Delhi is more than that of the three metropolitan cities of Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai taken together.
4.There has also been an ever-increasing number of diesel vehicles plying on the roads, which are largely responsible for the air pollution.
5.It has been reported by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) that everyday almost 8,000 m tonnes of solid waste is being generated in Delhi. Plus we also have the industrial hazardous and non-hazardous waste. On an average, everyday, the MCDs and the NDMC manage to clear about 5,000-5,500 m tonnes of garbage. This results in the accumulation of more and more garbage in the city.
6.There has been no proper technology or methods to treat solid, liquid, waste water, industrial and hospital wastes in the city.
There has been too much dependence on fossil fuels like coal-fired power plants, improper use of energy in buildings and the excessive use of biomass for cooking and heating, etc
STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT TO CONTROL THE POLLUTION OF DELHI :
1.There are mobile enforcement teams deployed at various locations for monitoring polluting vehicles and vehicles not having PUC certificates.
A Mass Rapid Transport System (MRTS) is being constructed with the aim of providing a non-polluting, useful and affordable rail-based mass rapid transit system for Delhi, integrated with other modes of transport.
With a view to reducing vehicular pollution, there has been a ban imposed on the plying of more than 15 years old commercial/transport vehicles, taxis and autos that run on conventional fuels, including diesel driven city buses.
2.There has also been tightening of mass emission standards for new vehicles.
The quality of the fuel being supplied in Delhi has been significantly improved over the years by the ban of selling leaded petrol, introduction of low sulphur diesel, reduction of sulphur and benzene content in petrol.
3.There has been regular placement of dustbins, purchase of additional front-end loaders, mechanical sweepers, dumper placers, tipper trucks, to collect and dispose of garbage.
Steps are taken to transform garbage into compost by developing new sanitary land-fill sites.
4.The Delhi Government has constituted a committee to implement the Bio-Medical Waste (management and handling) Rules, 1998.
The Delhi Degradable Plastic Bag (Manufacture, Sale and Usage) and Garbage (Control) Act 2000 has been enacted for banning the manufacture and use of plastic bags, etc.
5.Government has banned the manufacturing of BSLV III engines, and implemented policy to ensure that only eco-friendly BSLV IV engine is manufacture.
LIST OF MOST POLLUTED CITIES IN THE WORLD : WHO
RANK CITY PM 2.5 LEVEL
1 . Kanpur 173
2. Faridabad 172
3 . Varanasi 151
4 . Gaya 149
5. Patna 144
6 . Delhi 143
7. Lucknow 138
8. Agra 131
9 . Muzaffarpur 120
10 . Srinagar 113
11. Gurgaon 113
12. Jaipur 105
13 . Patiala 101
14 . Jodhpur 98
15 . Ali Subah Al-Salem (Kuwait) 94
POLLUTION LEVEL IN DELHI:
WHO's data of 4,000 cities in 100 countries shows that the pollution levels of the National Capital improved only marginally between the years 2010 and 2014. However, the levels started to worsen again in 2015. In 2016, Delhi came at sixth spot with PM 2.5 annual average of 143 micrograms per cubic metre (more than 3 times the national safety standard). PM 10 average of Delhi was 292 micrograms per cubic metre (more than 4.5 times the national standard).
CONCLUSION :
We should not blame the government for the increase in the pollution because we are more responsible in the increase of pollution in India. We should have to taken responsibility to make our environment clean and green because increase in pollution lead to many health problems like, problem in breathing, chest pain, hair loss and many skin related problems also. According to a survey the life of people's in delhi in 5 year less than other people of different cities in India. This is due to the pollution. We should have to plant more and more trees and stop the cutting of trees to make our atmosphere safer clean and green.
(Information is taken from different sources)
CLASSIFICATION OF POLLUTION IN DELHI:
1.Air pollution
2.Noise pollution
3.Water pollution
4.Domestic waste
5.Industrial waste
6.Vehicular pollution
7.Hospital waste
8.Solid waste, etc.
REASON OF INCREASE OF POLLUTION IN DELHI :
1.Growing population of the city.
2.There has been highly haphazard and unplanned development of industries and factories. Studies have revealed that only about 20% of the industrial units are set up in the approved industrial areas whereas the rest of them are in residential and commercial areas.
3.There has been a huge rise in the vehicular population, in spite of the metro railways, aggravating traffic congestion and increasing air and noise pollution. It has also been reported that the number of vehicles plying on the roads of Delhi is more than that of the three metropolitan cities of Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai taken together.
4.There has also been an ever-increasing number of diesel vehicles plying on the roads, which are largely responsible for the air pollution.
5.It has been reported by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) that everyday almost 8,000 m tonnes of solid waste is being generated in Delhi. Plus we also have the industrial hazardous and non-hazardous waste. On an average, everyday, the MCDs and the NDMC manage to clear about 5,000-5,500 m tonnes of garbage. This results in the accumulation of more and more garbage in the city.
6.There has been no proper technology or methods to treat solid, liquid, waste water, industrial and hospital wastes in the city.
There has been too much dependence on fossil fuels like coal-fired power plants, improper use of energy in buildings and the excessive use of biomass for cooking and heating, etc
STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT TO CONTROL THE POLLUTION OF DELHI :
1.There are mobile enforcement teams deployed at various locations for monitoring polluting vehicles and vehicles not having PUC certificates.
A Mass Rapid Transport System (MRTS) is being constructed with the aim of providing a non-polluting, useful and affordable rail-based mass rapid transit system for Delhi, integrated with other modes of transport.
With a view to reducing vehicular pollution, there has been a ban imposed on the plying of more than 15 years old commercial/transport vehicles, taxis and autos that run on conventional fuels, including diesel driven city buses.
2.There has also been tightening of mass emission standards for new vehicles.
The quality of the fuel being supplied in Delhi has been significantly improved over the years by the ban of selling leaded petrol, introduction of low sulphur diesel, reduction of sulphur and benzene content in petrol.
3.There has been regular placement of dustbins, purchase of additional front-end loaders, mechanical sweepers, dumper placers, tipper trucks, to collect and dispose of garbage.
Steps are taken to transform garbage into compost by developing new sanitary land-fill sites.
4.The Delhi Government has constituted a committee to implement the Bio-Medical Waste (management and handling) Rules, 1998.
The Delhi Degradable Plastic Bag (Manufacture, Sale and Usage) and Garbage (Control) Act 2000 has been enacted for banning the manufacture and use of plastic bags, etc.
5.Government has banned the manufacturing of BSLV III engines, and implemented policy to ensure that only eco-friendly BSLV IV engine is manufacture.
LIST OF MOST POLLUTED CITIES IN THE WORLD : WHO
RANK CITY PM 2.5 LEVEL
1 . Kanpur 173
2. Faridabad 172
3 . Varanasi 151
4 . Gaya 149
5. Patna 144
6 . Delhi 143
7. Lucknow 138
8. Agra 131
9 . Muzaffarpur 120
10 . Srinagar 113
11. Gurgaon 113
12. Jaipur 105
13 . Patiala 101
14 . Jodhpur 98
15 . Ali Subah Al-Salem (Kuwait) 94
POLLUTION LEVEL IN DELHI:
WHO's data of 4,000 cities in 100 countries shows that the pollution levels of the National Capital improved only marginally between the years 2010 and 2014. However, the levels started to worsen again in 2015. In 2016, Delhi came at sixth spot with PM 2.5 annual average of 143 micrograms per cubic metre (more than 3 times the national safety standard). PM 10 average of Delhi was 292 micrograms per cubic metre (more than 4.5 times the national standard).
CONCLUSION :
We should not blame the government for the increase in the pollution because we are more responsible in the increase of pollution in India. We should have to taken responsibility to make our environment clean and green because increase in pollution lead to many health problems like, problem in breathing, chest pain, hair loss and many skin related problems also. According to a survey the life of people's in delhi in 5 year less than other people of different cities in India. This is due to the pollution. We should have to plant more and more trees and stop the cutting of trees to make our atmosphere safer clean and green.
(Information is taken from different sources)
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